Language Resources

Abkhazo-Circassian

• ENGNassip FoundationLINK

• ENGOptiLingo Circassian Language GroupLINK

Afro-Asiatic

• ENGThe Semitic Languages: An International HandbookStefan WeningerLINK

Arabic

• ENGArabic Grammar Introduced as a Foreign LanguageMatti Philips Khoshaba Al-BaziLINK

Bedouin Arabic

• ENGA Grammar of the Bedouin Dialects of Central and Southern SinaiRudolf E. de JongLINK

Classical Arabic

• ENGQuranic Arabic: From its Hijazi Origins to its Classical Reading TraditionsMarijn van PuttenLINK

Classical Judeo-Arabic

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Classical Judeo-ArabicOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Iraqi Arabic

• ENG/ARAIraqi Dialect Versus Standard ArabicMatti Philips Khoshaba Al-BaziLINK

Iraqi Judeo-Arabic

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Baghdadi Judeo-ArabicOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Moroccan Judeo-Arabic

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-MoroccanOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Assyrian

• ENGLearn AssyrianRobert OshanaLINK

• ENG/ARALearning Modern Assyrian LanguageMatti Phillips Khoshaba Al-Bazi and Widad Paulis I.LINK

• ENGAssyrian, Kurdish, & Yizidis DictionaryAgha Petros Rllow, revisited by Matti Philips Khoshaba Al-BaziLINK

• ENG/ARAModern Assyrian Catalyst DictionaryMatti Phillips Khoshaba Al-BaziLINK

• ENG/FRASureth dictionaryAssociation Assyrophile de FranceLINK

• Syriac KeyboardSargis YonanLINK

Judeo-Neo-Aramaic

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-Neo-AramaicOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Syriac

• ENGDigital Syriac CorpusLINK

Dadanitic

• ENGThe Writing Culture of Ancient DadanFokelien KootstraLINK

Hebrew

Classical Hebrew

• ENGBiblical Hebrew Reader GeneratorCamil StapsLINK

Mehri

• ENGOmani Mehri: A New Grammar with TextsAaron D. RubinLINK

Shehri

• ENGThe Jibbali (Shaḥri) Language of Oman: Grammar and TextsAaron D. RubinLINK

Algic

Wampanoag

• ENGkun8seehTracy KelleyLINK

• ENGWôpanâak Language Reclamation ProjectLINK

Arawakan

Kalinago

• ENGA Descriptive Grammar of KalinagoKeisha Marie JosephsLINK

Lokono

• ENGA Grammar Sketch and Lexicon of Arawak (Lokono Dian)Willem J. A. PetLINK

Piapoco

• ENGA Grammar of PiapocoDeloris A. KlumppLINK

Atlantic-Congo

Kongo

• ENGKongo AcademyLINK

Lomwe

Elhomwe

• ENGEllomwe – English Vocabulary: Emihavani and Ekokholani dialectsPatrick KalindeLINK

Moore

• ENGUnderstanding MooreMoore Wikimedia CommunityLINK

Nawdm

• FRAGrammaire du nawdmJacques NicoleLINK

Yoruba

• ENGColloquial YorubaAntonia Yétúndé Fo≥làrín SchleicherLINK

• ENGYorùbá Yé Mi: A Beginning Yorùbá TextbookFëhìntælá MosádomiLINK

• ENGYorubaName.comLINK

Austro-Asiatic

Bru

• ENG/VIE/LAOBru-English-Vietnamese-Lao DictionarySIL InternationalLINK

Ho

• Learn Warang ChitiLINK

• ORIOdia-Ho SabdakoshKaira Singh Bandia, Machhua Ho, Birsa Singh Biroli, Surendra Bankira, Gopinath Hai Buru, and Manik KeraiLINK

• Input Tools for Ho Warang ChitiGyanaLINK

Kharia

• ENGA Grammar of Kharia: A South Munda LanguageJohn PetersonLINK

Khmer

• INDBahasa Khmer Bahasa SahabatkuChann Piseth and Faradinna ArifianiLINK

Santali

• ENGSanthali MinglePrasanta HembramLINK

• Ayo ArangLINK

• BirmaliLINK

• Input Tools for Santali Ol ChikiGyanaLINK

Sedang

• ENG/VIE/FRASedang Dictionary with English, Vietnamese, and French glossariesKenneth D. SmithLINK

Vietnamese

• INDBahasa Vietnam Bahasa SahabatkuWati Istanti and Nguyin Thj Phuong LinhLINK

Austronesian

Abellen

• ENGSome Ayta Abenlen GrammarWilhelm NitschLINK

Balantak

• ENGA Grammar of Balantak: A Language of Eastern SulawesiRobert L. Busenitz and René van den BergLINK

Balinese

• IND/ENGBASAbali/BASAibu WikiLINK

Busoa

• ENGThe Busoa language of Southeast Sulawesi: Grammar sketch, texts, vocabularyRené van den BergLINK

Ibaloi

• TGL/ENGNgantoy Pengikowan Ko Shi: A Phrase Book for IbaloiChristeta CaliagLINK

• ENGA Handy Guidebook to the Ibaloi LanguageSofia Olga AntonLINK

Ifugao

Tuwali Ifugao

• ENGTuwali Ifugao Dictionary and Grammar SketchLinguistic Society of the PhilippinesLINK

Kalinga

Limos Kalinga

• TGL/ENGA Classified Vocabulary: English, Pilipino and Limos KalingaSIL InternationalLINK

Kankanaey

• TGL/ENGKanayon ay Ngalat: A Phrase Book for Central KankanaeyJovita Atayoc, Rafael Guerzon, and Julio TatpiecLINK

Luang

• ENGLuang Grammar and Phonology SketchKathleen B. Taber and Mark H. TaberLINK

Maisin

• ENGMaisin: A Grammatical Description of an Oceanic Language in Papua New GuineaJoanna Margaret FramptonLINK

Mori Atas/Mori Bawah/Padoe

• ENGPhonology and Morphology of MoriSamuel J. Esser, trans. David MeadLINK

Muna

• ENGA Grammar of the Muna LanguageRené van den BergLINK

Rejang

• IND/ENGMaterials for a Rejang-Indonesian-English DictionaryM.A. JaspanLINKview only

Tagalog

• INDBahasa Filipino Bahasa SahabatkuRizki Putri Ramadhani and Rosie Ann TreyesLINK

Tawbuid

Eastern Tawbuid

• ENGA Grammar of Eastern TawbuidHannah M. FlemingLINK

Tetun

• Atividade hodi hanorin linguaLuann GronhovdLINK

• INDBahasa Tetun Bahasa SahabatkuJoâo Câncio Freitas and M.R.C. Yenny SusilowatiLINK

• ENGPeace Corps East Timor: Tetun Language Course (Third Edition)Catharina Williams-van KlinkenLINK (PDF) | LINK (Flashcards)

• POR/ENGGlosáriu eleisaun nian: lia fuan kona ba eleisaunCatharina Williams-van KlinkenLINK

• POR/ENGGlosariu informatikaCatharina Williams-van Klinken, Marcelo Fernandes Xavier Cham, and Saleh Abdullah AlkatiriLINK (PDF) | LINK (Interactive)

• POR/ENG/INDGlosariu turizmu no hahaanCatharina Williams-van Klinken, Helio Brites da Silva, Cesaltina Martins Tilman, Martinha Rodrigues Rebelo Santos Silva, Marta Cardoso, and Anabela Maia SantosLINK

Fehan Tetun

• ENGA grammar of the Fehan dialect of Tetun, an Austronesian language of West TimorCatharina van KlinkenLINK

Wollo

• ENGThe Wolio Language: Outline of Grammatical Description and TextsJ.C. AnceauxLINK

Chibchan

Border Kuna

• ENGPaya Kuna: An Introductory GrammarKeith ForsterLINK

Creoles and Pidgins

Tok Pisin

• INDBahasa Tok Pisin Bahasa SahabatkuMeka Eho'o and Arief SujatmikoLINK

Great Andamanese

Jeru

• ENGA Grammar of AkajeruRaoul Zamponi and Bernard ComrieLINK

Hmong-Mien

Hmong

• ENGGrammar Sketch of Mashan MiaoSarah HealLINK

Indo-European

• ENGEarly Indo-European OnlineJonathan Slocum and Winfred P. LehmannLINK

Angika

• Voice of AngdeshKundan AmitabhLINK

• Angika Bhasha Vigyan (Angika Grammar Book)Dr. Shivchandra JhaLINKview only

• Angika Bhasha Vyakaran Bhaskar (Angika Grammar Book)Dr. Shivchandra JhaLINKview only

Armenian

• ENG/FRA/RUS/SPA/TUR/POR/HYE/HYWArmenian Virtual CollegeArmenian General Benevolent Union (AGBU)LINKpaid; occasionally offered free

Eastern Armenian

• ENGEastern Armenian Comprehensive Self-Study Language CourseAnahit S. AvetisyanLINK

• ENGArmenian: Modern Eastern ArmenianJasmine Dum-TragutLINK

Bengali

• ENGIntroduction to Bengali: a basic course in spoken Bengali, with emphasis upon speaking and understanding the languageEdward C. DimockLINK

Cornish

• ENGSpeak CornishAn RosweythLINK

Elfdalian

• ENGA Grammar of ElfdalianYair Sapir and Olof LundgrenLINK

English

• TETDIT English grammar teaching guide: Tense, aspect and frequencyPeter CoenradiLINK

• TETEnglish for Petroleum: Students' WorkbookKen McIntyreLINK

• TETEnglish for Tourism: Students' WorkbookKen McIntyreLINK

French

• ENGComplete French All-in-OneAnnie HeminwayLINK

Gujari

• Basic Gojri GrammarRafique AnjumLINK

• ENGConcise Gojri-English DictionaryRafique AnjumLINK

• ENG/HINGojri-English-Hindi DictionaryRafique Anjum and Ruksana SadiqLINK

• KAS/ENGGojri-Kashmiri-English DictionaryRafique AnjumLINK

Hindi

• INDBahasa Hindi Bahasa SahabatkuRizwana AbdullaLINK

Italian

• INDBahasa Italia Bahasa SahabatkuAlessia Bisogno and I Kadek SanjayaLINK

Italkian

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-ItalianOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

• ITAGrammatica storica della lingua italiana e dei dialetti toscaniWilhelm Meyer-LübkeLINKview only

• ITAVena Hebraica nel Giudeo-Italiano: Dizionario dell'Elemento Ebraico negli Idiomi degli Ebrei d'ItaliaMaria Luisa Mayer ModenaLINKpaid; free sample available

Judeo-Persian

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-PersianOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Judeo-Hamadani

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-HamadaniOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Judeo-Tat

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-TatOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Kurdish

• ENGAssyrian, Kurdish, & Yizidis DictionaryAgha Petros Rllow, revisited by Matti Philips Khoshaba Al-BaziLINK

Ladino

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: LadinoOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

• ENGLadino-English/English-Ladino Concise Encyclopedic DictionaryElli Cohen and Dahlia Kohen-GordonLINKview only

Haketia

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: HaketiaOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Manx

• ENGGaelg Corpus SearchLINK

Norman

Guernesiais

• ENGGuernsey Language CommissionStates of Guernsey Culture and HeritageLINK

Jerriais

• ENGLearn JèrriaisL'Office du JèrriaisLINK

• Les Pages JèrriaisesGeraint JenningsLINK

• Jerriais SoundfilesL'Office du JèrriaisLINK

• ENGSociéte Jersiaise ShopSociéte JersiaiseLINKpaid

Occitan

Judeo-Occitan

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-ProvençalOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Odia

• odia.orgLINK

• Input Tools for OdiaGyanaLINK

Russian

• ENGGolosa: A Basic Course in Russian (Fifth Edition)Richard Robin, Karen Evans-Romaine, and Galina Shatalina

• ENGMezhdunamiLynne deBenedette, William J. Comer, Alla Smyslova, and Jonathan PerkinsLINK

Sanskrit

• ENGUBC Sanskrit Learning ToolsUniversity of British ColumbiaLINK

• ENGCologne Digital Sanskrit DictionariesCologne UniversityLINK

• FRAHeritage du Sanskrit: Dictionnaire Sanskrit-francaisGérard HuetLINK

• ENGThe Sanskrit Heritage SiteGérard HuetLINK

Shina

Gurezi Shina

• ENGA Descriptive Grammar of Gurezi ShinaMusavir AhmedLINK

Spanish

• INDBahasa Spanyol Bahasa SahabatkuMaria Paloma CascalesLINK

Torwali

• ENGTorwali: An Account of a Dardic Language of the Swat KohistanGeorge A. GriersonLINK

• URDSarbuland: languages, communities, history and society living in North Pakistan, Kashmir and Eastern Afghanistan (Torwali section)Idara Baraye Taleem wa Taraqi (IBT)LINK

• ENG/URD/TRWTorwali: Language and PeopleIdara Baraye Taleem wa Taraqi (IBT)LINK

Urdu

• ENGIntroductory Urdu (Volume 1)C.M. NaimLINK (PDF) | LINK (Online)

• ENGIntroductory Urdu (Volume 2)C.M. NaimLINK (PDF) | LINK (Online)

Varli

• ENGVarli Phonology and Grammar SketchesG. Abraham and Hemalatha AbrahamLINK

Yevanic

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-GreekOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Yiddish

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: YiddishOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Old Yiddish

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Old YiddishOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Zarphanic

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-FrenchOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Inuit-Yupik-Unangan

Inupiaq

• ENGIḷisaqativutLINK

Iroquoian

Cherokee

• ENGCherokee Nation Learning CenterLINK

• ENGLittle Cherokee SeedsAIRCLINK

Japonic

• ENGAn Introduction to the Japonic Languages: Grammatical Sketches of Japanese Dialects and Ryukyuan LanguagesMichinori ShimojiLINK

Japanese

• ENGErin's Challenge! I Can Speak JapaneseThe Japan Foundation Japanese-Language Institute, UrawaLINK

• ENG/ZHO/IND/KHM/MON/MYA/NEP/THA/VIEIRODORI Japanese Online CourseThe Japan Foundation Japanese-Language Institute, KansaiLINK

• ENGIRODORI: Japanese for Life in JapanThe Japan Foundation Japanese-Language Institute, KansaiLINK

• ENGVisual KanjiNoriko WilliamsLINK

• ENGjpdbLINK

• ENGPortal for Learning Japanese NIHONGOThe Japan Foundation Japanese-Language Institute, KansaiLINK

Kartvelian

• KAT/ENGGeorgian-Megrelian-Laz-Svan-English DictionaryRamaz Kurdadz, Dodo Shonia, Lile Tandilava, Lela NizharadzeLINK

Laz

• TUR/ENGLazuri DictionaryLaz EnstitüsüLINK

Qivruli

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: KivruliOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Koreanic

Korean

• ENG/ARAOnline King Sejong InstituteLINK

Kra-Dai

Lao

• INDBahasa Lao Bahasa SahabatkuTiara Tirtasari and Malavanh SomsavengLINK

Sui

• ENGSui Dialect ResearchAndy Castro, Pan XingwenLINK

Thai

• INDBahasa Thai Bahasa SahabatkuSirikanda SakulpimolratLINK

Nilo-Saharan

Nubian

• ENGA Reference Grammar of Kunuz NubianAhmed Sokarno Abdel-HafizLINK

• ENG Nubian Proverbs Nubian ProverbsLINK

Old Nubian

• ENGThe Old Nubian LanguageEugenia Smagina, trans. José Andrés Alonso de la FuenteLINK

Oto-Manguean

Northern Pame

• ENGA Phonological Grammar of Northern PameScott Charles BerthiaumeLINK

Panoan

Amawaka

• ENGAspects of Amahuaca Grammar: An Endangered Language of the Amazon BasinMargarethe Sparing-ChávezLINK

Sandawe

• ENGA Sandawe GrammarHelen EatonLINK

Sign Language

American Sign Language

• ENGOklahoma School for the DeafLINK

Filipino Sign Language

• ENGFilipino Sign Language Learning ProgramDe la Salle-College of of Saint Benilde FilipinoLINKpaid

Sino-Tibetan

Burmese

• INDBahasa Myanmar Bahasa SahabatkuWyut Yee Soe Dede and Zainal MutaqinLINK

Cantonese

• ENGBasic CantoneseVirginia Yip and Stephen MatthewsLINK

• ENGModified Basic CantoneseVirginia Yip and Stephen Matthews, edited by tocayoinnominadoLINK

• ENGTeach Yourself CantoneseHugh Baker and Ho Pu-keiLINK

• ENGA Corpus of Cantonese IdeophonesAdams BodomoLINK

• ENGA Dictionary of Cantonese SlangChristopher Hutton and Kingsley BoltonLINK

• ENGCantoDictAdam SheikhLINK

• ENGJyut DictAaron TanLINK

• ZHOJyutdictLingnaam JyutjamLINK

• Cantonese for FamiliesMannyLINK

• Jyutping ChartBaggio WongLINK

• HaambaanglaangChaak Ming Lau and Viveik SaigalLINK

Kaiping Cantonese

• YUE香下妹頻道 hoipingmuiLINK

Taishanese

• ENGHoisansauceLINK

• ENGChinese-Cantonese (Toishan) Basic Course - Defense Language InstituteJade WuLINK

• ENGLearn to Speak TaishaneseJade WuLINKpaid

• ZHOTaishanese EssentialsDeng JunLINKpaid

• ENGHoisanva English DictionaryGene ChinLINK

• ZHOTaishanese DictionaryDeng JunLINKpaid

• ENGTaishanese Language DictinoaryStephen LiLINK

Weitou Cantonese

• YUEWeiTouHua TranslationChung Uk TsuenLINK

Kinnauri

• ENGThe Linguistic Landscape of the Indian Himalayas: Languages in KinnaurAnju SaxenaLINK

Koch

Harigaya Koch

• ENGOutline of Harigaya Koch GrammarAlexander KondakovLINK

Teochew

• ENGLearn TeohewBrandon SeahLINK

• ENGThe Teochew StoreLINKpaid

Tibetan

Lhomi

• ENGA Grammar Sketch of LhomiOlavi VesalainenLINK

Siouan-Catawban

Lakota

• ENGOwóksapeThe Lakota Language ConsortiumLINK

Tupian

Guarani

• ENGA Grammar of Paraguayan GuaraniBruno EstigarribiaLINK

• SPAiGuaraniLINK

Turkic

Karaim

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: KaraimOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Turkish

Judeo-Turkish

• ENGOxford School of Rare Jewish Languages: Judeo-TurkishOxford Centre for Hebrew & Jewish StudiesLINK

Uzbek

• INDBahasa Uzbek Bahasa SahabatkuIsmail Sangkala and Boburjon SamigovLINK

Uto-Nahuatl

Nawat

• SPATimumachtikan Nawat: First Nahuat Dictionary of El SalvadorMake Art Not War FoundationLINK